![]() To express decimals as percentages, multiply by 100.If the RR If the RR >1, and the CI does not include 1, events are significantly more likely in the treatment than the control group. ![]() If the RR (the relative risk) or the OR (the odds ratio) = 1, or the CI (the confidence interval) = 1, then there is no significant difference between treatment and control groups.Probability of occurrence uses a rating and value scale ranging from. In a person with an AR of stroke of only 0.025 without treatment, the same treatment will still produce a 20% RRR, but treatment will reduce her AR of stroke to 0.020, giving a much smaller ARR of 2.5% – 2% = 0.5%, and an NNT of 200. Probability of occurrence explores the likelihood that an identified risk could occur.If a person's AR of stroke, estimated from his age and other risk factors, is 0.25 without treatment but falls to 0.20 with treatment, the ARR is 25% – 20% = 5%.But the ARR is higher and the NNT lower in people with higher absolute risks. RRR is usually constant across a range of absolute risks.RR of 0.8 means an RRR of 20% (meaning a 20% reduction in the relative risk of the specified outcome in the treatment group compared with the control group).NNT (number needed to treat) = 1 / ARR Examples For example, suppose a person is considering to invest in a company which is engaged in the new exploration of offshore oil. ![]() ADVERTISEMENTS: Thus, if possibility of an outcome occurring is 1/4 or 0.25, this means that there is 1 chance in 4 or 25 per cent chance for the outcome to occur. RRR (relative risk reduction) = (ARC – ART) / ARC The probability means the likelihood of occurring of an event. Risk termsĪR (absolute risk) = the number of events (good or bad) in treated or control groups, divided by the number of people in that groupĪRC = the AR of events in the control groupĪRT = the AR of events in the treatment groupĪRR (absolute risk reduction) = ARC – ART These are the relationships among various terms used to describe risk, changes in risk, and significant statistical differences. Unlike risk in lay terms, which is generally associated with a bad event, risk in statistical terms refers simply to the probability (usually statistical probability) that an event will occur, whether it be a good or a bad event. ![]()
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